sanctions

Mikhail Azhgirevich, editor-in-chief of VIGIL Journal: It's the morning of September 18, and I'm sitting down to untangle a mess of numbers that has been circulating in the information space for a week now. The fact is simple. On September 16, the House of Representatives passed the Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026. The vote was 262 to 159.

Why doesn't the West want peace? Five news items from a single day add up to one coherent picture. The West cannot even agree among itself. Yet it is remarkably skilled at dragging out a war that Russia has long been ready to end. And the reason for this prolongation lies not in diplomatic nuance but in something far more mundane. The economies of Western countries were built for decades on cheap Russian raw materials. Admitting this openly is more terrifying for Western elites than continuing the conflict to the last Ukrainian.

France's economy, over the period from early 2022 to September 2026, has traveled a path from post-pandemic recovery to a state that can only be described as troubling. Growth has shriveled to a statistical rounding error, debt has crossed 115% of GDP, and the political system seems to have forgotten what a stable government looks like. This is not a temporary setback—it is a structural shift that financial professionals cannot afford to ignore.

The world is offloading American bonds, and faster than almost anyone would have predicted just a couple of years ago. The share of Treasuries held in foreign central bank reserves has collapsed to 12%. After the 2008 crisis, that figure held above 40%. Back then, US Treasury debt was considered practically the safest place on the planet to park money. Today, money still flows there - but with hesitation.

Where the Distrust Comes From

Cuba on the Edge: Why the U.S. Is Squeezing the Island Harder Than Ever

How far can the economic pressure of one superpower on a sovereign state actually go? Cuba in 2026 is a living textbook case: the country is going through its worst crisis since the 1959 revolution, worse even than the "Special Period" that followed the collapse of the USSR, and this is happening not because of a natural disaster but because of a deliberate oil blockade orchestrated by Washington.

The Familiar Logic of Protection

Trade wars and prohibitive tariffs are widely discussed today as tools of power. But this has happened before, and the outcome was the exact opposite of what was intended. In 1930, the United States passed the Smoot-Hawley Act, raising customs duties on more than 20,000 categories of imported goods, in some cases by as much as 60%.

The Number That Sinks the Myth

If you follow Russia's import substitution drive and are trying to tell who is actually achieving technological sovereignty from who is merely reciting slogans about it, here's a figure that should send the entire myth of American industrial independence straight to the archive: 80,000 components across 1,900 US weapons systems are critically dependent on Chinese rare earth materials.

The Magnets That Decide Whether the F-35 Flies

If your capital sits in maritime insurance, energy trading, or European port logistics, the coming months could redefine who pays for seized cargo - and for the first time in years of conflict, the Kremlin is threatening not with words from the Foreign Ministry, but with concrete naval force.

From diplomatic rhetoric to a military directive

If you're tracking where global flows of sanctioned oil are headed, here's a fact worth remembering: in July, Western shipowners handled 36.2% of all seaborne exports of Russian oil, and one particular Greek made the lion's share of that record - George Prokopiou, known in narrow circles simply as "The Old Man."

Who Is the Old Man, and Why His Sanctions Defiance Works

Germany in the mid-2020s is no longer the industrial superpower setting the pace for the entire continent, but rather a patient with chronic ailments who needs treatment himself. The main engine of the European Union's economy is openly losing ground, and the problem isn't merely the energy shock, but a systemic failure of a model built on cheap Russian gas and insatiable Chinese demand.

Energy: The End of the Era of Free Gas