Peru

Lula da Silva's victory in Brazil has put an end to talk that all of Latin America was headed inevitably for right-wing leadership. But his re-election does not return the region to the old "pink tide." The right has gained ground in several countries, China has dug in across trade and infrastructure, the European Union has secured new treaty access to Mercosur markets, and Russia keeps significant but mostly sector-specific positions.

The pendulum that swung left two decades ago has swung back to the right. Colombia and Peru chose right-wing presidents in June by fractions of a percentage point, and on Sunday Brazil will settle a runoff between Lula and Flávio Bolsonaro. What is behind the turn? How does it resemble the "pink tide"? And what should the region expect?

Brazil: The October 25 Runoff

Latin America's freight map is being redrawn. China has gained its own gateway in Peru, Brazil is shifting grain to the north, and the Panama Canal is setting records while cutting slots. Which corridors are already running? Which are still being built? And what should shippers know?

Why the Map Is Changing

Machu Picchu is Peru's lost city of the Incas — a highland citadel concealed among the clouds of the Andes at an elevation of 2,430 metres above sea level. Built in the fifteenth century, it continues to guard secrets that no expedition has yet managed to unravel. Visitors arrive from every continent, and each year hundreds of thousands of travellers pass through its ancient gates, never failing to be astonished — no matter how seasoned their wandering eye.

Lima. The Pacific Ocean. Tropical sun that almost never shines through the famous grey mist. Somewhere in Miraflores, the upscale district of the Peruvian capital, a Russian woman is cooking borscht while a Spanish-speaking metropolis hums outside her window. She came here twenty years ago – for love. And stayed. There are about two thousand people like her here. Not many. But each one is a universe unto themselves.

The First Russian Footprint: The Ship Suvorov and an Inca Chronicler

 In South America, 450 kilometers from the Peruvian capital, the city of Lima, the plateau of the Nazca desert is located, which became widely known about eighty years ago.

 It is quite a deserted place, dominated by strong winds, which direction depends on the season. Plateau is considered to be one of the most arid places in the world. Rains fall two to three times a year. People have always avoided building dwellings in this area. However, this was true until the forties of the twentieth century.

 The Inca Empire is one of the greatest civilizations of the past, with a rich history and culture and a significant influence on the modern world. This Indian state occupied wholly or partly the territory of six countries of modern South America.

 Historical origins

 Machu Picchu is an ancient city, built at the behest of the Inca ruler Pachacutecus in the 15th century. This place is often called a lost city, because for a long time no one knew about it. The city is located on the surface of a plateau of one of the mountains, at an altitude of more than two thousand meters. At the foot of the mountain flows the Urubamba River.

Pre-Columbian America experienced the heyday and fall of the great civilizations - the Maya, the Aztecs, the Incas. The territory of modern Central and South America was inhabited by more than 5 thousand tribes. Some of them disappeared, leaving almost no trace. The others were completely destroyed. Most descendants of Indians of that era still live in Mexico, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador and other countries of South America.

The tribes of Bolivia and Peru

The mysteries of ancient civilizations left by the Inca Indians, the unique natural beauty of nature, the fairly high level of service in hotels and the quite loyal prices of tourist services have made Peru a real paradise for tourists.

 Tourists, arriving in this country, as a rule, immediately go to examine the historical monuments of the ancient civilizations.