Economy

Corporate debt is like coffee for an office worker: in moderate doses it energizes and boosts productivity, but in excess it turns life into a thriller with a racing heart and the risk of a heart attack. The key thesis running through the entire history of corporate finance is this: debt is a critically important tool for growth, but its uncontrolled accumulation is a direct path to financial instability and the loss of control over one's own future.

Introduction

The world is offloading American bonds, and faster than almost anyone would have predicted just a couple of years ago. The share of Treasuries held in foreign central bank reserves has collapsed to 12%. After the 2008 crisis, that figure held above 40%. Back then, US Treasury debt was considered practically the safest place on the planet to park money. Today, money still flows there - but with hesitation.

Where the Distrust Comes From

Market capitalization is not just a mirror of investor sentiment but also a convenient tool for manipulation, when top managers turn a company's valuation into their personal bonus plan. Tellingly, real business performance suffers in the chase for bigger numbers, while shareholders are often left holding badly overvalued paper.

Bonuses as the Engine of Fraud

The U.S. Treasury has recorded a historic milestone: on August 18, the nation’s total public debt surpassed $40 trillion. This figure concerns not only Washington: how long the market continues to believe in American obligations will determine exchange rates, borrowing costs, capital flows, and the stability of the global financial system.

A Trillion in Five Months

The yen's slide to multi-year lows has become currency traders' favorite scare story, but Japan's real economic troubles run much deeper. The falling currency is not the cause but the symptom: the country has spent decades accumulating imbalances that are now surfacing one after another, and the cheap yen merely highlights this chronic weakness.

A Demographic Time Bomb Without a Timer

Market capitalization is not an objective valuation of a company but a form of collective hypnosis among investors, multiplied by the number of shares outstanding. It reflects not the real worth of a business but what the market thinks about its future — and that thinking can shift easily under the influence of a single tweet or a report that almost nobody actually read.

If you're tracking where global capital flows are heading after the era of unconditional dollar dominance, here's a concrete indicator: trade turnover between China and Africa hit a record 1.41 trillion yuan in the first half of 2026, and each new transaction in this chain increasingly bypasses the American currency altogether.

Libya Opens a Direct Settlement Channel

The New Dollars: What Will Replace the Familiar World Reserve Currency by 2040

GDP has stopped being a reliable barometer of economic strength and stability. Events of recent years have turned it into a decorative gauge that shows growth where people are getting poorer, and prosperity where ecosystems are collapsing. Here is a fresh look at an old number.

GDP Counts Everything Except What Matters